The following are the outputs of the captioning taken during an IGF intervention. Although it is largely accurate, in some cases it may be incomplete or inaccurate due to inaudible passages or transcription errors. It is posted as an aid, but should not be treated as an authoritative record.
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>> MODERATOR: Hello, guys. Just answering your question. Isabel is the online moderator. She will assist you with time limits on chat and also presentations and things like that. We also have the staff team here, the IGF 5 is there for that. And we're trying to get Daniel in, but he seems to be having some other trouble, but we will try to get him in, if possible. Okay? So we will start in a few minutes and please be aware of time limits. It's unfortunate, but we know we have a rushed session. So we will be very attentive to time. Okay? And we ask for your collaboration, but we're very sorry about it because we know it's hard. Okay? Some people in the room and we're establishing right now. Daniel, are you there? Hey. Yes. Daniel, can you hear us? Okay. Okay. Okay. I'm going to ask Isabella to assist him if he needs anything. Zoo the host would not allow participants to unmute. So that's why.
>> MODERATOR: We hear you well. So that's great. Everybody's here and good session, guys. Thank you.
>> MODERATOR: Good morning, everyone. Hello, everybody. This is the town hall that Amazon is online and it is not the Prime and we'd like to welcome you here. We will be having a 1‑hour session today. So in the seventh IGF. My name is Laura and I'm the moderator. So let's enjoy this. I'm here with a lot of talented speakers, some of them are joining in presentence here and some of them are joining online. We don't have a lot of time. So it will be a rushed session focused on trying to get a mosaic of views and perspectives and experiences regarding the relationship between the (?) and technology and especially this information chatting and opportunity regarding forest ecosystems such as the Amazon rain forest and other eco systems that are affected by technology and by the communications digital flow. So that will be our focus here today. And we will try to engage this kind of questions regarding technology, sustainable development, internet use, digital breach with Internet governance mechanisms. So we try to investigate and reflect and expose a lot of experiences, successful cases and other broad issues to join those issues together. And we welcome everybody for being here assisting and watching us online as well. So let's go. Let's start it.
We have four talking points. You will see they are very broad and very diverse, but that's on purpose. We want this session to be a mosaic of views and perspectives. A lot of them coming from Amazon rain forest itself. Other of them from other continents and we will have the speakers talking from 3 to 5 minutes. You will realize we have a lot of speakers. That was on purpose as well. But we will have time for questions. And please be aware that in Brazil and Americas in general it's 4:45 in the morning.
[Laughter]
So ‑‑ so we're putting a lot of effort in this one and we hope you enjoy. So let's go. Talking points. For the speakers here in presence and remotely as well. And we invite you to reflect about it and try to save your comments about it with us. So thinking about the Amazon and the Amazon online, but it's not the prime. And how can media and information literacy improve information quality and sustainability among isolated areas (?) climate and environmental information and how this is an importance agenda for mechanisms. They ensure Connectivity among Indigenous territories among the Amazon rain forest. Talking points three and four are more focused on policy making mechanisms. So let's go. Talking point three. How can international organizations address in sustain act and technology and shedding light on the responsibilities of companies and governments to cope with dynamics such as the use of mining and exploratory practice in the technological production cycle of the environmental impact of technology? This is talking point 3. Focused on the rows of international organizations on companies and governments actions towards environmental sustainability and digital development. Talking points 4. What are Brazil's and other country's mechanisms to ensure youth, Indigenous and communities in general to participate in decision making process about climate and environmental policies. So we have 4 talking points and we'll have nine speakers. And they will delegate with those talking points as they see fit and to invite you since you have a rushed session and the speaker will have 3 to 5 minutes. We invite to you share successful cases and invite the audience as well to share it with us. As we have a lot of speakers, we will ask you to check the care code that we'll project soon in the screen where you can see all that info about bios and con at the same time information. That way, we can talk about the work in a more detailed way and not about their bios itself. Please access the care codes and you see all the information available. Okay?
So yeah. I would like to invite ‑‑ this is a tough session. So we are going to be a little bit more informal and I would like to ask the speakers remotely first who would like to start with those kinds of questions that I posted here? Come on. Let's have a volunteer.
>> Gustavo: I would like to be in.
>> MODERATOR: Okay. So let me say. Gustavo is speaking with us from the north region of Brazil. He's a youth leader and specializing in law and internet governance issues. So let's go, Gustavo, please. You may have the floor.
>> Gustavo: I believe that second point is quite relevant. I don't know if everyone is aware, but recently, Ah, there was a recent pandemic involving Elon MUSK. I understand that maybe some people don't see how the Internet and how the environment are connected. So I think it is important to establish that the Amazon rain forest and digital technologies are strongly connected. To bring some light, I want to make sure that companies like Microsoft, Apple, Google and ironically Amazon are part of a chain of production that it uses illegally mined goal from Indigenous lands in Brazil. And the resemble is that Matta this year was fined $2 million in Brazil for not moderating troops on Facebook and What's App which were used to illegally buy more than 2,000 wild animals in Brazil. Something similar happened to YouTube when they were not able to remove videos teaching how to hunt animals like armadillos and birds in the Amazon rain forest. On the other hand, we have very beautiful examples of people trying to do their part. We have young people creating keyboards to allow Indigenous language to keep existent in this digital era. In cities like where I live, we have researchers from public universities using IoT devices to measure how polluted the air is in the Amazon rain forest. And, of course, we have initiatives like protocols which is focused on dishandling environmental information in the Amazon rain forest. I think that's for first topic. That's enough for me. 3 minutes, right? Not too much.
>> MODERATOR: Thank you, Gustavo. That's great. I think you measured some very important points and with concrete example of how those themes are related. So it's a good starting point for us in the cells. Who would like to follow up on that, please.
>> I can follow up.
>> MODERATOR: Thank you. The floor is yours.
>> So I'm Lori. I'm a senior fellow working directly with a project called Eco media, which is technology in times of climate crisis. And one of the goals of the project is really to add this base research and to point to policies that matches in the infrastructure of the Internet. How can we map. There is those points of connection where, you know, broadband Internet is not reaching out to local communities because in Brazil, we are also dealing with inequality of access and inequality of access in Brazil means that not just the southeast, but also, for example, the mid‑west where the business really consumes, you know, an incredible, you know, quality access to broadband Internet mostly related to intense agriculture and all developments that, you know, artificially intelligence has led, you know, Internet culture or even more broadly the Internet infrastructure. So one of the goals of the project, the Eco media project is still a work in progress. The work collaboratively with local communities, Indigenous communities and other builders and researchers to think of what does it mean accountability in that perspective from south to south? Even bridging in with other folks from southeast Asia and Africa continent? How can we think of it connected to the logistics of the communities. So we respond that technology serves the community. So we want to match, you know, infrastructure, logistics and information. That's a key point to when we think about how Internet it's not an issue, but it's a solution, but it needs to be think based on community needs.
>> MODERATOR: Thank you, Lori. Sorry for not presenting you first. I did not see your screen first. Lori is the climate justice and digital rights activist. I think they brought great points to the table. You also mentioned concrete example for challenges and opportunities regarding the associations between technology and biospheres and forest ecosystems that we have been debating here in the IGF and that we need to remain working on them with concrete solutions and with a ground base approach. So it was very important to know about your project and everybody can get in touch with that and maybe adapt it and think about it. So thank you. Any volunteers to follow up on that?
>> Laura, I can follow. Can you hear me? Can you hear me well?
>> MODERATOR: Yes. I can hear you. I just can't see the screen. It's Mariana I think? Yes?
>> Mariana. Yes.
>> MODERATOR: Mariana is based in the north region of Brazil. She has a masters in digital media. You can see her info at that QR code we'll show later at the session. The floor is yours. Thank you.
>> Mariana: It's raining a lot here, the rain season has started in the Amazon season. It might happen.
I wanted to talk about something that Lori mentioned, the question about the exes here in the Amazon region, which is one of our main challenges, but at the same time, it's a successful case when we talk about education, which has been the main form that students and people in remote regions of the Amazon have been connected. So we have a broad system sponsored by the public education system here that Connects people. And it has been enabling students to understand when we talk about news literacy and the role of education when talking about information. It has enabled students to realize that talking about the environment is not just about talking about the forest or about the rivers as they would think 10 or 15 years ago. We're also talking about how they are related to this environment. What is their relation with the Amazon region with the rain forest? What is the role as producers or people trying to maintain the rain forest the same. So I think that in this context, the question of the exes and connection is still a challenge, but at the same time, we have overcome it a little bit and it has enabled to give the students a new feel on how they are active participants both in the role of constructing trustable news and interpreting the news and also how they are vectors ins rain forest development process as well. So yeah. This is it.
>> MODERATOR: Thank you, Mariana. I think you highlighted the issue of education and how it Connects to access and maybe meaningful access that has been like a strong track here in the IGF. And as we overcome some of the issues in the Amazon rain forest and in other isolated or maybe less connected or unconnected communities regarding the challenges and the opportunities related to technology and this information and sustainable development. Actually, based on your points, I would like to maybe ask Fabio to follow up on that. We have him present and he's at my side. And Fabio ‑‑ he's a researcher that studies the methodologies and data regarding digital breach and he can talk more about his work right now. Thank you, Fabio, for joining us and the floor is yours.
>> Fabio: Thank you, Laura. Thank you, everyone, for the invitation. I was asked to bring some evidence and data we have in Brazil around the issues of the Internet. I am from the center based in Brazil and connected to the moot stakeholder Internet governance led by CGI. And we ‑‑ for the former 18 years, we are producing data on how Brazilians companies, Brazilian companies and schools are using technology and I'm going to bring some evidence from the north region, which is not really around 80% is covered by the Amazon rain forest. We have a few data from there. So I think the first thing that I would like to mention is we can ‑‑ I think we can agree with the first part of this workshop name that is Amazon is online. So if you take the exes as the ‑‑ as an indication, it comes from ‑‑ it came from 25% of internet users in 2008 to 83% in 2021. So this is a very fast grow in terms of access in the region. If you take the differences between the not region with the other regions in the interview, you also see of the regions growing smaller. It is certainly that from the point of access, we have much more people connected in this part of the country. But when it comes to access, we need to see other aspects of access. We're talking much about meaningful Connectivity so. If you take the region, for instance, if you go just in this data of Indigenous people, the margin affairs are high because we don't interview much Indigenous people and we do need to do more research on that. But this 83 goes into 57% of the users. So there's a gap when it comes to Indigenous people. When you also take, for instance, the presence of computers is important for different types of activities such as studying and working online. The presence of computers and households is 46% in a southeast and it goes 29% in the north. So there's a gap in comparison with the of the regions. And, of course, the percentage of households depends on 3G or 4G connection. They don't have a fixed broadband available is higher also in the north region. So this is just to say that we still have access problems, but the access is ‑‑ the important of access is to see the quality of access more than just if you are or not online. And this also goes into ‑‑ when you want to analyze activities online and opportunities online. Although not region population is highly using instant messages, social media and live videos, which is the most popular activities in the country. When it comes to reading news searching for health information, the percentage are much lower. Being online don't mean that you are having those opportunities being ‑‑ given (?) comes in relevant transformation for this population. And finally, I think it's really ‑‑ there's a need also to think about digital skews and other and how to deal with critical information online because it's not the matter of people being online, but what can people do and how can critically analyze those information. So what we see in the research is that there's a correlation of the skills with experience of use, with the frequency of use and also with the quality of access. All the dimension and digital skews are correlated and connected. So we do need to understand this in a more integrated way. So this is my first reaction to the discussion.
>> MODERATOR: Thank you so much, Fabio. I think you highlighted. You also brought important points to the table because we see here that that is an issue about data and data related to Connectivity and I think everybody has seen here at the IGF how this is an issue. For example, in the African continent, it has been highly mentioned by many peers and back in Brazil, we have this example of trying to measure, to find the right data and to try to cross cut it somehow understanding and Fabio highlighted how even that is not enough sometimes. You have to cross cut it and try to understand Connectivity in a more powerful and deeper way maybe.
So with that in mind, I would like to pass the floor to Carla, Carla Braga. She's an activist, an environment activist back in Brazil in the north region as well in the state of Para. She works in NGO related to those kinds of actions and themes. So Carla, you may have the floor. Thank you.
>> Carla: Thank you so much, Laura, and thank you so much for everybody to stay here. As Laura told you, I am Carla. I am project director in the Amazon youth corporation for sustainable development who is the NGO who works to mitigate impact of climate crisis in the Amazon region. And I will start my speech talking in the Amazon in general, we have a lot of problems with Internet access. For example, in 2020, according to the (?) 2020 survive, there were more than 3 million people without access to Internet in the Amazon region. So consequently, without being able to access during a pandemic, which is the way for seas. For Amazon youth, (?) in increasing in school their books and employed and in general lake of opportunities and the weekend of the participation of Amazon youth. For the majority, the fight is your Legacy. With your territory, traiting it, due to environmental reach, the Internet is an important in the notion of our territory and our people. And they can save your lives, but with the access of Connectivity, how we can guaranteed activeness of complaints and access to information in a territory as straightening it as the Amazon. So we developed it about how the digital exclusion affects Indigenous (?) Amazon young people which I have the pleasure of being the (?) and screen writer. It can be under it's not for youth. It is of exclusion in the Amazon. In Portuguese, the name is (speaking Portuguese). We think that narratives address, we have that the abscess of fact checking especially during the period of COVID‑19 and the government in Bradile made to many families who do not have quality internet and who only had assess to information by television. Other family members. As misinformation in the Amazon was inside to the pandemic that claimd several victims. The ex‑presidents encourage the non‑user, the use of (?). Also there was the incentive to leave our homes and the dissemination of information that the COVID‑19 pandemic was just a little flu. And base it on misinformation and Internet as such. We lost family members, friends and we lost dreams.
But just talking about it was not enough. So we developed (speaking Portuguese) which I promote training for young people from the state of Para with fundamental rights and data privacy and territory development and impacts of climate change in the Amazonian territory including strengthening of institution of spaces for youth. Social mobile vacation and to the development of agenda we propose for public projects and programs to mitigate the impact of climate and the Amazon territory. So a hundred were selected to receive training and multiply what they learn in the problem in their communities because in the Amazon, we don't have access to Internet as well.
So we have ‑‑ we can (?) what we learn in Internet. Generate a waive that we call MARE. Information found the youth who live in the Amazon region. We have 17 groups of activists with more than 10 classes of school provide Internet as assistance for young people in situations of digital mobility preparings more than 4,000 (?) for communication for our realities based on training and producing more than 400 contents for online platform. The plains now are spent this problem to more places in the Amazon generating young people engaging with the committee to (?) of governance of digital space that can reduce our vulnerability through the information. The Internet access and fact checking in the Amazon is about the (?). It's about lives that resist and help reduce the dreams in a life and relives this.
>> MODERATOR: Thank you, Carla, for this powerful message. I think ‑‑ I think the two less contributions complimented themselves because here we saw the data scenario about Connectivity in Brazil and here we saw with Carla how those kinds of data and maybe lack of Connectivity are insufficient and affect local communities and the regions and special groups like youth, like community leaders in general. So thank you for your contribution.
With that in mind, I would like to call back the remote speakers. They have been listening to us, of course, and I would like to travel to u SA now with Siena Frost. She founded the non‑profit ACE in 2020 and she works with publishing partisan accessible policy information. So Siena, you may share your experiences and the floor is yours and thank you.
>> Siena: Thank you so much and thank you, everyone, for being here today and taking part in this conference. Full disclosure, I am not Brazilian and I have not done work in Brazil, but I believe that the issue of misinformation especially among a youth voting is incredibly important and is a huge issue all around of the so I'm really excited to be here learning about the amazing projects that other presenters have talked about specifically addressing in Brazil and learning as well. I did (?) an organization and it was to address communities which was youth voters turning away from traditional institution to get information about policies and government and instead turning to peers, to their social media accounts and really getting information that was not complete. And can often be mistaken. When trying to rectify the project, the approach that ACE takes is we produce research that is by and for youth voters. So instead of trying to persuade the underdemographic, that I should be listening to their parents and to the news. Instead we try and share with information that's been created either peers, buts that mentorship and a peer review process so that it is complete and it is actually portraying the situation that we're discussing. I thought that the issues that were brought by the previous speakers, especially around the pandemic were hugely important because that was a major growth period as well. We saw that there was a real hunger to understand what governments are on the world doing about the pandemic and what those policies along like. They didn't feel they were getting that information actively and accessibly. So I think this strategy is affected because it maintains the authenticity and the trust that youth voter feel when referring to each other for information. But it still has additional support and leadership. I would say the biggest problem that we have currently is that hundreds more students were asked to be part of this program. I think it's imperative that governments around the world take action to support organizations like ACE and are the initiatives that had been spoken about today because there really is not sufficient support based on the threat that we're seeing and based on hunger that exists within populations that want correct information, but really are struggling (?). Thank you so much.
>> MODERATOR: Thank you, sien Athank you for sharing your experience with ACE and the work done by the think taking. And I would like to highlight how Siena brought the issue of the pandemic and how it affected the Connectivity and maybe even rain forefforts their relationships between Connectivity and inclusion in general and engagements and leadership and empowerment. So thank you for sharing.
Now, I would like to call on (?) so we can shuffle back to Brazil and we can give a little bit more detail about more theoretical approach about science and about the relationship between sustainable developments and technology. And this information in general. Thank you, Roger. You may have the floor.
>> Roger: Thank you, Laura. Hi, everyone. It's a pleasure to be here. I would confess that I'm feeling a bit nervous because it's the first time that I'm talking in English in an international conference. So I would try to share my thoughts about a relationship between, um, environmental and climate change policies. And, um, the relationship between this information in Brazil. Per I'm working as a full researcher at institute Vero. We are doing our research about this information on the Amazon territory. And we made about seven misinformations that is share it on the Internet. So I would like to share one that is ‑‑ does the agriculture preserve the forest and, um, this information is very sharing very BOSONARO and the followers. I think that Internet is an important to analyze this information like that. And we ‑‑ we need to share and co‑create counter narratives with people who live in the Amazon territories. So youth people, black people and it's important to highlight also the relationship between problems and climate change with the racism and intersectional approach. I think that there are a lot of great initiatives in Brazil. Not only Brazil but also around the world that we can share and fight against this information in the Amazon territories. So there are other this information too like is the forestations in onmals of progress and by listening to social movements and listening to research talking about that topic, it's important to say that ‑‑ the forgestation and not a way to don't listen to the Indigenous community. It's important to highlight that point and I would like to say sorry if I made some mistakes in my English speaking. So that's it for now, guys. Thank you so much.
>> MODERATOR: Thank you so much, Roger. You were very successful, I believe in emphasizing how this information, environmental information, climate information is also an issue when you think about sustainable developments, technology and forest ecosystems and all the issues that brought us here together and thank you for bringing this and collaborate‑based approach to the work in Brazil and to the situation in the Amazon rain forest region to speak broadly about it.
I'm going to pass the floor to Victor Durigan. He will follow up with Internet citizenship. Thank you, Victor. The floor is yours.
>> Victor: Hi, Laura. Thank you very much. Hi, everyone. I would like to address some challenges that this information has on the climate change agenda and the environmental protection agenda. This information regarding climate environmental agenda is not only the denial of the climate change. It can build barriers to or slow down progress of public policies. Even when it doesn't deny the problems existence. It is difficult to create on scientific grounds. So this information has an impact and debates and public policy making. And also promotes political leaders who can operate based on narratives such as Roger had said now that the false opposition between economic growth and sustainability. In Brazil, we have plenty of examples we mapped for protocol. Laura Pereira was part of that. For instance, the congress tends to authorize the minerals, energy and carbons from Indigenous land and subject to certain conditions and compensations and supporters of that bill justified by saying that emits the interest and demands of the Indigenous people who wants to be able to mind for economic dependence. We see a proposal based entirely on this information. We can see similar initiatives on authorities creating fictitious non‑governmental organizations to proud propagate the difference and much more. So this scenario show us that climate disinformation is a challenge that has to be addressed in the short term. As always, this fight against this phenomena demands a multidisciplinary effort. I would like to address three of them very quickly. First, as everyone said, giving you diverse and equality access to Internet, people live in the Amazon region is important for feel to have full access to information. Zero rating in pardon me access to Internet means people cannot access information, can mot produce information, it can not check false narratives. So full connection to Internet is a way to fight this information. And second, social media platform must put Amazon and the climate agenda into the rules and policies. Social organizations, Civil Society organizations in Brazil had delivered some document to the big tech companies that would suggest to mitigate risks. For example, to create a social environmental consume and increase transparency on climate environment campaigns investment.
At last, another way to deal with it is to start a global debate on Internet governance against this information with the initiatives in each country. Brazil needs to promote a regulation that can be used to fight this information transversely on matters of public health, social economic and inequality and also environment and climate change. A good legislation must protect freedom of speech, protect user rights and protect democratic values. Thank you very much.
>> Laura: Thank you, Victor. I think you were successful in the issues and regarding the information on a more regulatory approach and emphasizing how this information has an effect in the outside of the limits of the platforms or outside the limits of Internet in a limited view. So I would like now to pass the floor to Daniel. Daniel ‑‑ Daniel, he has more experience with the Internet governance mechanisms. So I would like to close the first contributions based on that because I think here the overall contributions with practical experiences and cases and projects of a lot of projects and experiences in general, but we also talked about data, about the role of institutions and Internet governance that are related to the that reality. And now, Daniel, the floor is yours, if you can add on to that, I would very much appreciate it. You can present yourself briefly as well. So thank you. I think he's on his own remote. We see something is happening. Let's see if he comes back at the end of the sections, but with that in mind, I would like to open the floor for some comments and questions and while we wait for him and do we have any question online? Are we free to go from here? Do we have questions online? Let's go over with everybody here in the room. I see some hands. Sorry. Yes. You can ask the speakers. Thank you.
>> Laura: One secretary. Can everybody online hear? Is everybody okay with that?
>> We can all hear.
>> Laura: Okay. Thank you. Thank you. Please go on.
>> My name is ESNAGA from Ethiopia. I have climate change (?) shared experience. First, Prime Minister momaimed was he's a noble prize in Africa. Second of all, we appreciate the technology regarding the tool in the environmental change and technology and we (?) protect authority and different kind of research we encourage and different institutions like several images. Also we have agricultural economics research and institute in different parts of Ethiopia. So we have more than 39 universities. Among them, they're promoting climate change, environmental protection and agricultural research and (?) research including Indigenous knowledge. We have, ah, other cultural dominant (?) in Ethiopia. During this action, we promote how to protect and we have one the climate change in the environment. The department has from one thing research activity to promote climate change how to protect others. How we can have a collaboration, a corporation among different researchers beyond Ethiopia. Thank you very much.
>> Laura: Thank you. Anybody else would like to contribute? Thank you. You may have the floor. Please, if you could keep it brief because of the time. Thank you.
>> This is Mark from Brazil. I was really glad to hear all the different interventions particularly what Carla spoke about. I would just like to briefly highlight an initiative from the Amazon region from the Private Sector. It's a local chain of stars and they have been working for the past 10 years and they started with just a Wi‑Fi in their stores to provide access to people who visit them. But in due type, they started to expand this and started to Connect entire neighborhoods based on that. To me, that prudent proved there is a rule for the private sector in connection with the Amazon because (?) to stores and people having good practices with having more access to that network and while that's not the ideal solution we're looking for, it is still much better than having no access. I would really like to highlight in this discussion that Private Sector does have a role if it is starting from human centric approach and trying to balance what they're looking into, trying to provide good for the opportunity and looking out for the business. Yeah. The Amazon has many pathways and hopefully we'll keep finding new ways to bring Connectivity to the region.
>> Laura: Thank you. Anybody else.S to Jim in?
>> I am from Peru. I am IGF Mac member. I was quite interested in this town hall because the Amazon is shared by 8 countries in Latin America. However, I was a bit disappointed because ICA is a Brazilian perspective. Really just a comment. Thank you.
>> Laura: Thank you. Thank you for your comments. I think we will comment on that later. One last input please and keep it short please, if you can.
>> Hello, everyone. My name is Jameson. I'm 23 years old right now. Part of the youth Brazilian youth delegation from 2022 and I'm very happy that we have a workshop on subjects that are so close to our reality of Brazil. But I confess that I miss dealing with the back of this information and low quality access on small trends and producers who will feet emitting the livelihood of many of the small communities we talked about in this presentation. Could any of you add what is being done for this particular parts of the society that still suffers from a lack of stricter in its business.
>> Laura: Okay. Thank you, everyone for the comments and requests and speakers. We have a few minutes. So anybody would like to react?
>> Maybe I can.
>> Laura: Okay, Gustavo. Please.
>> Jameson, I'm not sure I understood your question, but I feel like we are talking about ‑‑
>> Can I repeat for you? It's about what it's been done, what has been done, what is done to help people who feed this kind of people that we talk about ‑‑ people from our country that are suffering with misinformation and the stricter of the business.
>> Okay. I think there are many issues here. For example, when it comes to Columbo ‑‑ we don't have Columbo here. States like Para, and for those that are not aware of what it means, Columbo because it is very specific for Brazil and experiencing South America specifically. Column bow is where mostly black people reunite as a strategy to resist races and to resist structures of our society. And colom bows are kind of traditional communities similar to Indigenous communities in some ways. We have examples that Columbo are 30 kilometers from a plant for generating energy. And it will have access to energy. It is often object of a new way of colonization in Brazil. We need ‑‑ we have this internal colonizers which basically are focused on exploring our natural resources without considering the needs of the population. And often when we talk about the Amazon rain forest, people tend to believe that it is just a place with dirty streets and people have a hard time to understand that the Amazon rain forest is the result of a process. It is not something given. It's much more of a (inaudible) that was created by people than justize given set of trees.
I think we don't have great examples in my 57. We don't have great examples of real and strong public policies to Connect with these people, Indigenous people and Colombians. And sadly, I think we have this example of Elon Musk trying to Connect Brazilians to satellite Internet. But I don't think this is probably the best way to do that. That's all for me.
>> Laura: Thank you, Gustavo. Carla, please keep it shorts.
>> Carla: For sure. For sure. In the state of Para, we have a lot of troubles (?) when I speak. But I think that we need the governments need to support contextualize it and people can co‑create their own realities. I think the problem is because these people don't stay in the front of the ‑‑ the front of making their reality. They can do their realities because they have these opportunities. I think the way it is building public to pol size. We from the Amazon and youth corporation try to do for the state of Para, to co‑create and our reality. If you can't co‑create it, the change you have seen in the world, who do you do this? We have to take this place and do by yourself. I think sometimes the solutions that we have aren't sufficient.
>> Laura: Please, I would like to give just an update. We couldn't get Daniel back. Maybe he had a connection issue. But if anybody wants to jump in on that, just to find remarks, Lori, Siena, Roger, Victor.
>> That was very interesting projects going on. We had, for example, in the state of Para, (?) that is developing, you know, free software based ideas and actual technical solutions to Internet connections. It is really important to guide our policies and they were all based in social control like social hearing of the population. And probably this is going to be back in 2023.
>> Laura: Thank you, Lori. Mari, final remark, please.
>> Mariana: Complimenting what Carla said. We need to view the solutions. Here in the Amazon region, during the pandemic, we had amazing experiences of how teachers were overcoming these issues with very simple tools. So for example, one ‑‑ in my research, I was talking to a teacher. My students in Manacapalu don't have access to Internet. As the teachers, we take a vote. We go there. We turn on the Bluetooth on our cell phone and we Connect the Bluetooth of the students to talk on them and transfer the activity. People are creating solutions from what they have and I think the pandemics have shown us that we have many, many opportunities when we bring technology and creativity together.
>> Thank you, Laura. I would like to thank our Peruvian colleagues and the debate must be international. From our perspective from research, we just collect data in Brazil because of our questionier is that. We do cooperate and we found other companies in the research. In the case of the research with young people, we are planning service also in Peru and Colombia. You have another Latin American country. We have a more comparative perspective. If you can, we discuss a little bit about this. And finally just to remark that this information is a complex debate and it is not just about access because even within the population that has good quality of access, it is still an issue. I think we should discuss this as a complex back and forth of having access, but also having digital skills and information leaders that provides people the resilience to deal with this type of information. So thank you very much for the invitation.
>> Laura: Thank you, Fabio. I think you closed it perfectly and I would like toen the session. Thank you, everybody, for your assistance and commenting ‑‑ I'm sorry. What's your name? Alen's comments other and comments here. All the comments that brought together, they call attention to the need to have a moot stakeholder approach. We heard from governments and private sector. When facing the issues around sustainable development, this information, internet use and forest ecosystems in general. It is highlighted by the project and also the need to collaborate with other countries, order stakeholders. So we ‑‑ this is ‑‑ you made a very important comment and I think we need to collaborate on that and build up on that. Of course, the Amazon rain forest was highlighted. It's an issue that involves many players as a global discussion and regional discussion. So thank you for your comments. And we will build on that. And on behalf of the institute, the session was promoted by it. I am thankful they believe the words were necessary to bring many voices here. Many voices are still lacking. So let's go on that note and I thank you, everybody. Thank you, Carla. Thank you, Fabio and thank you for all our speakers, Lori, Siena, Daniel who couldn't join and (?) and Mariana for being here with us today and thank you, everybody.